We do not retrieve an artist's number of streams. To get the count on an artist level, you'll need to aggregate each song's stream count. The Get songs endpoint allows you to get a listing of an artist's songs.
Spotify streams are refreshed daily for all songs with more than 1,000 streams. Their cumulative stream count is available on the song Get audience endpoint.
If a song is featured on different albums/EPs, Spotify might have several identifiers for that exact song. Sometimes, Spotify unifies all song identifiers, and sometimes, they do not.
The number of streams on Spotify is associated with identifiers. To get a relevant stream count for a song, you would need to aggregate each unique value.
For example, if you have:
ID1: 5.4m streams
ID2: 600k streams
ID3: 600k streams
You can add ID1 and ID2 and disregard ID3, so the song will have approximately 6m streams on Spotify.
Note: streams are not available for all platforms. Available platforms are listed in the documentation for the Get audience endpoint.